Statistics

Agriculture

Agriculture Fact Book (U.S.D.A.)
Information on agriculture in the United States, including education, nutrition, food safety, rural issues, natural resources, & other topics.

Agriculture Statistics 
USDA's National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS)

Children and Education

Children in America 

Condition of Education (U.S. Department of Education)
Synthesis of educational indicators with analysis of patterns and trends.

Education Statistics
The National Center for Education Statistics

Employment

Employment & Earnings: Bureau of Labor Statistics for recent years.

Employment & Earnings Archival for years 1960 - 1980 from Fraser (Federal Reserve Archival System for Economic Research)
(for economic, labor, trade and other business statistics see business link)

Energy

Energy from Energy Information Administration

Federal and Health

Fedstats
Gateway to statistical data compiled by the federal government. Includes statistical profiles of states, counties, cities, & Congressional districts

Health Statistics – Center for Disease Control, National Center for Health Statistics

General Statistical Information

STAT-USA – Business, trade and economic information.  Ask for username/password at the Reference Desk. 

Statistical  Abstracts of the United States – Primary sourcebook for statistics on social and economic conditions in the United States.

Transportation

National Transportation Statistics
Statistical data on all modes of transportation (aviation, automobile, rail, mass transit, & other modes). Includes social & economic factors.